Mariah Ripley Kurt Rowley Bridge US History October 10, 2017 The British first colonized America in 1607 in Jamestown Virginia; a small section of the colonized land surrounded by ruffians and thieves (AKA the native Americans), but with the consideration of low compensation; during a secret meeting (Second Continental Congress) in May of 177, in Philadelphia, elected Thomas Jefferson to write the declaration of Independence from England’s rule. What corresponded during the time period of 1880-1925 that made immigration(the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country) and emigration(the act of leaving one's own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad) different from 1607-1776? The answer to this question is in the governments response; politically and economically, and the responses of the general population; socially. More than 63,000 Chinese immigrants lived in America, along with other Asians whom continuously were being denied citizenship. Even though they didn’t replace white workers by finding work as: railroad laborers, cooks, servants, and farmers, the white American citizens sought out work in more lucrative fields. The workmen’s party of 1876, formed to fight for Chinese exclusion. As the country continued to prosper in ethnic and racial diversity with the rise of global immigration in the decades following the Civil War. Many questioned the principal of racial equality, yet they disagreed with assimilation. In 1882, Congress passed the,Chinese Exclusion Act, effectively barring Chinese immigrants and setting precedent for future immigration restrictions. Despite the Chinese Exclusion Act, so many managed to come to America through loopholes that allowed relatives to join their families. Doc A, refers to Noah’s ark; having uncle Sam standing out on the entrance with his arms spread open, a sign of welcome. Many came to this country with a hope for a new life. In order to keep out Asian immigrants, in 1910, they created the immigration station at Angel Island in San Fransisco Bay; where they were deemed as “undesirables” and deported back to their countries. In 1888, more than half a million Europeans landed in America, 75% of them landed in New York City, and soon swamped Manhattan. In 1890, the federal government took control by building Ellis Island in New York harbor, 1892. Doc H, shows how once here, the immigrants had nothing moor then the clothes on there backs and in their suitcases, with marly any money to spend. They were dumped on California’s harbor without any guidance at all. The burden of feeding and sheltering the unemployment and their families fell to private charity, city government, and some of the stronger trade unions. In conception of the harsh environment of social Darwinism and laissez-faire, the majority of elected officials deemed the act of government interference to be inappropriate. Armies of the unemployment marched to Washington demanding relief. Those who marched in the spring of 189, were interested in calibrating the attention of Congress to urge construction of a public works program to end unemployment. In Doc C, the National People's Party platform, 1892, stated that if the fallacy protecting American labor under the present system-which opens our ports to the pauper and criminal classes of the world and crowds out our wage-earners- were condemned, if the present ineffective laws against contract labor were denounced, and demand further restriction of undesirable emigration. By the 1990s, many Americans recognized that the laissez-fair approach from the government no longer worked. Progressives shared a growing concern about the power of wealthy individuals, corporations, and a strong dislike of the trusts. However, even they were not immune to prejudice. Though they pressed for direct democracy, many sought to restrict the the rights of African Americans, Asians, and the women who formed the motion of the movement. Southern progressives proposed to refine the electoral system by eliminating black voters. With the face of growing reparation, Booker T. Washington, urged caution and restraint. A former slave, Washington had opened the Tuskegee Institute to teach vocational skills to African Americans. His emphasize on education and progress urged African Americans to put aside issues of political and social equality. Doc D, tells of Washingtons speech in Atlanta Georgia, September 18, 1895. He stated that “in all things that are purely social can be as separate as the figures, yet one as the handin all things essential to mutual progress.” Washingtons accommodationist policy appealed to many, transforming him form “the wizard of Tuskegee” to the national spokesmen for African Americans. By 1890, only one state, Wyoming, allowed women to vote in national elections. The WCTU composed entirely of women, whom viewed all women’s interests as equally the same and wouldn’t hesitate to use the singular women to emphasize gender solidarity. Frances Willard in 1879 became president of the organization, changing the organizations direction, that social action replaced prayer as women’s answer to the threat of drunkenness; which was viewed alcoholism as a disease instead of a sin, and became involved in labor issues. The women’s rights movement began with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, at the first women's rights convention, in Seneca Falls New York, 1848. Unfortunately due to discrepancies of weather the Fourteenth or Fifteenth Amendments; which granted African American men their right to vote, should have been extended to women as well, ended up splitting in1867. Another organization during this time was the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWAS), which composed not only of women but of men too; both of whom believed that women had the right to vote, but only in local elections instead of national elections. Doc B, Immigrants had been welcomed into this country as job holders, only African Americans were granted their right to vote just along with the white men, but African American women were too discriminated among side that of white American women. The split soon healed, and the newly united National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) launched campaigns on the state level to gain the vote for women. Our country was first colonized by the British back in 1607. For many generations the citizens lived in harmony under the king’s rule, but in 1777 the citizens began to feel penalized for not being able to decided their own government, venture out to uncharted territories, or use the earths materials as they pleased. In correlation to these demands, the citizens of noble wealth and education constructed a meeting at the Second Continental Congress in May of 177, in Philadelphia to discuss their demands and elect a diplomat to construct a document that soon would be sent to King George III. The man chosen for this occupation was founding father Thomas Jefferson, a young man whom studied law, and was an incredible writer. This marked the being of American independence. The men of this time would purchase African Americans as slaves off of boots whom were originally sold by their tribe leader. Decades after slavery had been band, it took generations for them to finally be assimilated and given their right to vote. Immigrants had been coming to this county around the time we were; either to seek refuge or too escape the grasp of a ruthless leader. For many decades and generations, immigrants were discriminated for inexcusable reasons: culture, race, ethnicity, and status. They were considered the slump of this country; they were considered job holders whom preformed that of those considered to be the lowest of work accountable. Them along with women were looked upon as second class citizens; whom were considered to be property, and whose equality was nothing to that of a white man.
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Mariah Ripley
Kurt Rowley Bridge US History 02 October 2017 1. Under what conditions and for what purpose were Chinese originally encouraged to immigrate to the United States? On the west coast, asian immigrants had become scapegoats (a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others, especially for reasons of expediency.) of the changing economy. After the gold rush of California, many Chinese immigrants had come to work on the gold mountain, but instead found jobs on the countries transcontinental railroads. Once the railroad work ended, they took up jobs whom other citizens shunned. The 1870s made Chinese immigrants a target for disgruntled workers. They weren’t permitted to own lands, so they migrated to the cities. San Francisco housed a population estimated of about 12,022 Chinese immigrants, and continued to grow until the Chinese exclusion act of 1882. 2. Why did the Workingman’s Party of California decide to oppose Chinese settlement as a “nuisance”? In 1876, the Workingman’s Party of California was formed to fight for Chinese exclusion. Their leader was Denis Kearney, who made this movement racist bent when he urged legislation to “expel every one of the moon-eyed leapers”, and along with his fellow workers; rioted and fought to keep Chinese workers out of the state, claiming they were “coolie labor”- involuntary contract laborers recruited by business interests determined to keep wages at rock bottom. 3. Examine the photograph. How does it illustrate Chinese cultural pride? At the time it was taken, what might antagonize some white Americans? Chinatown in San Francisco was established in 1849, but was destroyed by an earthquake and a series of fires in 1904. It was later re-built and continues to thrive today. The photograph is of a high class Chinese family walking the streets before the earthquake. This might have antagonized white americans for to them Chinese immigrants weren’t more than lower class citizens. Mariah Ripley
Kurt Rowley Business and Politics in the Gilded Age 23 September 2017 Map 18.1 Railroad Expansion, 1870-1890 The map show the major railroads in 1870 highlighted in red ink, and the major railroads built between 1870 and 1890 highlighted in green ink. Map 18.2, The Election of 1884 The map shows the two candidates; Governor Cleveland (Democrat) and James G. Blaine ( Republican), Democrats are represented by blue and Republicans by red. Governor Cleveland’s electoral votes compared to James G. Blanies was 219-182, his popular vote compared to James G. Blain was 4,874,986-4,851,981, and his percentage compared to James G. Blain was 48.5*-48.3* Figure 18.1, Iron and Steel Production, 1870-1900 The figure explains how every five years, the thousands of tons rose, and in 1900 the iron and steel production exceeded 10,000. Marble House: The Vanderbilt Mansion, Newport, Rhode Island The Vanderbilt family was an American family of Dutch origin that was prominent during the Gilded Age. Their success began with the shipping and railroad empires of Cornelius Vanderbilt. The Vanderbilts had seven children. Their youngest daughter, Gladys, inherited the house on her mother's death in 1934. In 1984, to raise funds for the society, she opened The Breakers. In 1972, Gladys heirs sold the hose to the Preservation Society. Today, the house is designated a National Historic Landmark. The Golden Room in the Marble House The Gold Room is one of fifty in the mansion and it glows with wealth. The wall panels portray Greek and Roman gods that are covered in hand-applied 22 carat gold leaf. Alva Vanderbilt Releasing the Doves Alva Vanderbilt was a woman of culture, in this picture she is wearing an elegant dress surrounded by doves. The skirt of the dress when enhanced resembles a leaf appeal. What a Funny Little Government In the image, the collar on the man's shirt says Rockefeller, during the gilded age, John D. Rockefeller was an American oil industry business magnate and philanthropist who created a monopoly of the American oil industry. Rockefeller in this picture seems to be holding a little replica of the American government building, or the little building that was used as one of the monopoly pieces. Woman’s Holy War The picture depicts women dressed in armor, on horseback, and on foot, triumphantly destroying barrels of alcohol. Another Voice for Cleveland The picture depicts Governor Cleveland walking down a street, as his child screams for him while in his or hers mothers arms. While the child bellars, cleveland is plugging his ears. Mariah Ripley
Kurt Rowley Period 7 September 22, 2017 1.How did Carnegie’s plans illustrate the interests of the wealthy during the Gilded Age? The Gilded Age was a time where fortunes were made and lost. Thoses who purchased riches, found many rocks in their path. The rise of industrialism in the United States and the interplay of business and politics. From 1870 to 1890, the transition from a rural, agricultural economy to urban industrialism, global in its reach, transformed American society. The growth of industries and the creation of new ones, along with the rise of big businesses, signed the coming of age of capitalism. Andrew Carnegie was a ruthless man, who burned out his competition, and was a man Americans loved. He built his fortunes on his discovery of steel, which was stronger and more flexible than iron. By applying the lessons of cost accounting and efficiency that he had learned from twelve years with the Pennsylvania Railroad, Carnegie tured steal into the nation’s first manufacturing big business. 2. Carnegie’s fortunes endowed libraries nationwide as well as other cultural institutions. How can we explain his willingness to support such philanthropy? Carnegie, was an immigrant from Scotland who had came to New York in 1848 at the age of twelve. He rose from a job cleaning bobbins in a textile factory to become one of the richest men in America. Before he died, he cave away more than $300 million, most notably to public libraries. His generosity, combined with his own rise from poverty, burnished his public image. 3. To what extent should we admire Carnegie as a benevolent industrialist or consider his contributions “conscience” money? Carnegie's formula for success was ‘’Cut the prices, scoop the market, run the mills full; watch the costs and the profits will take care of themselves.’’ In order to guarantee the lowest costs and the maximum output, he developed a system of business organization called vertical integration. Every aspect was under his control, from mining of the iron ore, to its transportation on the Great Lakes, to the production of steel. Carnegie pitted his manager's, firing the losers, and rewarding the winners with a share in the company. His workers achieved the output demands by endorsing low wages, dangerous working conditions, and twelve-hour days six days a week. |